Dandruff in Dogs: Causes & Treatment

Is your dog leaving white, flaky skin everywhere they go? Have you noticed an increase in how often they scratch their skin? They may have dandruff. Here, our vets in Medford discuss the common causes of dandruff in dogs and what you can do to help them feel better.

Why does my dog have dandruff?

Many pet parents ask us, 'Why do dogs get dandruff?'. Dogs, like humans, can have dandruff for various reasons. Dry skin, a common cause, can be induced by changes in weather, indoor heating, or frequent bathing with harsh shampoos. Moreover, skin dryness and flakiness in dogs can be exacerbated by poor nutrition and a lack of essential fatty acids. Certain underlying health conditions can also cause dandruff.

What causes dandruff in dogs?

Dandruff in dogs can be caused by a variety of reasons, some of which can be troublesome. Here are some common health issues that can cause dandruff in dogs:

External Parasites

Several external parasites can inhabit your dog's skin, causing discomfort. The notorious Cheyletiella mites, for instance, are visible to the naked eye and closely resemble white dandruff flakes, earning them the nickname 'Walking Dandruff.' If the 'dandruff flakes' on your dog appear to be moving, visiting your vet is advisable. Certain parasites, such as these mites, can readily spread to other pets within the household.

Unbalanced Diet or Nutritional Issues

If your dog's diet is not balanced, it can negatively impact their skin and coat. To keep your pet's skin and hair in good condition, it's important to include foods that contain fatty acids like omega-3s and omega-6s. However, it's crucial to consult your veterinarian to determine if your pet needs additional nutrients.

Skin Infections

Bacterial and fungal infections can also cause dandruff on your dog, as they can take advantage of damage or weaknesses in your pup's skin. These underlying conditions must be treated to address the dandruff issue.

Allergies

Skin problems in dogs often indicate an allergic reaction to food or environmental allergens. Dogs suffering from allergies may experience flakiness and itchiness, and dandruff usually accompanies other symptoms, such as recurring ear and skin infections.

Hormonal Conditions

Health conditions, such as Cushing's or hypothyroidism, can impact your dog's skin. Cushing's disease is caused by an overproduction of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. This condition can lead to various skin-related symptoms and other health issues, such as hair loss, recurrent skin infections, excessive painting, and thirst. 

Idiopathic (Spontaneous) Seborrhea

If the reason behind your dog's dandruff cannot be determined, it might be labeled as 'idiopathic.' Although treating dry and scaly skin in dogs can work, the root cause might remain unknown. Your veterinarian can provide you with further guidance on how to handle your pet's situation.

Dandruff can be bothersome and uncomfortable for dogs, but it's generally not a major concern if it's mild or seasonal. However, if your furry friend displays dry, flaky skin and other symptoms listed below, it's best to take them to the vet for a physical examination.

• Itchiness
• Skin odor
• Excessive dandruff
• Loss of hair/fur
• Irritated, red skin
• Excessive licking of paws or legs
• Signs of feeling unwell or being uncomfortable

How do you treat dandruff on dogs?

If your dog has dandruff, treatment can usually be done at home by following instructions and guidelines provided by your veterinarian. Using the following tips can also be helpful:

• Groom your pet regularly to ensure their skin isn't overly oily and remove dead hair. Check with your vet before using grooming products on your dog to ensure they are suitable and won't worsen the condition.
• Bathing your dog can help with dandruff outbreaks and bacterial and fungal skin infections. Your vet may prescribe a medicated shampoo for your dog; follow the instructions carefully. Don't over-bathe your dog, as this could make the dandruff worse!
• Supplements can be helpful, but many commercial supplements are not heavily regulated for pets. Ask your vet for recommendations.
• Use a humidifier in your home if the air is dry. During winter months especially, your dog (and your family) could find this helpful for preventing dry skin.

When should you take your dog to a vet for dandruff?

If your dog's dandruff persists or worsens despite home remedies and grooming efforts, you should take them to a vet. Additionally, it's best to seek veterinary attention if your dog shows signs of discomfort, such as excessive scratching, redness, or skin inflammation.

Your vet can conduct a thorough examination, including skin scrapings or other tests if necessary, to determine the underlying cause of dog dandruff and appropriate treatment options.

If you notice white, dry, flaky skin on your dog(s), contact our veterinarians in Medford. We'd happily schedule an examination.